Bulguksa Temple: Korea’s Iconic Buddhist Masterpiece

Bulguksa, a UNESCO World Heritage Site since 1995, is one of South Korea’s most iconic Buddhist temples. Located in Gyeongju, the ancient capital of the Silla Kingdom (57 BCE–935 CE), it was built in 774 under the patronage of Prime Minister Kim Daeseong. The temple exemplifies the zenith of Silla architecture and Buddhist art, harmonizing spiritual significance with aesthetic beauty.

The temple’s name, meaning “Temple of the Buddha Land,” reflects its purpose as a representation of the pure Buddhist paradise on Earth. Its intricate wooden structures, stone pagodas (Dabotap and Seokgatap), and bridges (Cheongungyo and Baegungyo) symbolize the journey from earthly suffering to enlightenment. The Dabotap Pagoda, featured on the 10-won coin, is especially renowned for its unique geometric design.

Bulguksa houses numerous national treasures, including gilt-bronze Buddha statues and delicate relief carvings. The temple grounds, set against the lush slopes of Mount Toham, create a serene atmosphere, making it a popular destination for meditation and cultural tourism.

Despite damage during wars, meticulous restorations have preserved its historical essence. Today, Bulguksa remains an active religious site and a testament to Korea’s spiritual and artistic heritage.